SENTENCE Definition with Autopsy

Sheba Kutir May 24, 2026

 SENTENCE Definition with Autopsy

A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete meaning. Generally, when more than one word comes together meaningfully, it can form a sentence.

A sentence containing a finite verb is called a Major Sentence. On the other hand, a sentence without a finite verb is called a Minor Sentence or Irregular Sentence.

For Example

  • Sorry. (Minor sentence without a verb)
  • Easy Home Loan. (Minor sentence without a verb)
  • It is delicious. (Major sentence with a verb)
  • I eat my meal. (Major sentence with a verb)
SENTENCE Definition with autopsy

What Elements Can a Sentence Contain?

A sentence may contain:

  • Subject
  • Verb
  • Object
  • Direct Object
  • Indirect Object
  • Predicate
  • Complement
  • Clause
  • Phrase
  • Conjunction
  • Compound Subject
  • Negative expression

However, the verb is considered the most important part of a sentence.

What Is Subject and Predicate?

Every complete sentence has two main parts:

  1. Subject
  2. Predicate

The subject is the person or thing about whom something is said.

The predicate says something about the subject.

For Example

  1. I live in Dhaka.
  2. She is a good girl.
  3. Education gives us knowledge.

Here:

  • “I”, “She”, and “Education” are subjects.
  • “live in Dhaka”, “is a good girl”, and “gives us knowledge” are predicates.
It is high time and it is time grammar rule

Which Part of a Sentence Is Called a Clause?

If the part that answers the question by what or whom contains a finite verb with more than one word, the part is called a clause.

For Example

  1. I know where he lives.
  2. He listened to me.
  3. I know his father.

How Many Types of Clauses?

Clauses are mainly two types:

  1. Independent Clause
  2. Dependent Clause (Subordinate Clause)

Independent Clause with Examples

A complete sentence that can stand alone independently is called an Independent Clause or Main Clause.

For Example

  1. I go to college.
  2. It is taken by the government.
  3. They will take the charge.
  4. The school was established in 1992.
  5. We were reading the books.

Dependent Clause with Examples

An incomplete sentence joined by:

  • relative pronoun
  • subordinating conjunction

is called a Dependent Clause.

For Example

  1. It is I who am your brother.
  2. When I went there, she left.
  3. He failed because he did not study.
Grammar clause types comparison infographic

How Many Types of Dependent Clause?

Dependent clauses are mainly three types:

  1. Noun Clause
  2. Adjective Clause
  3. Adverb Clause

Introduction of Noun Clause

If the part that answers the question by what or whom contains a finite verb with more than one part, the part is called a noun clause.

For Example

  1. I know where he lives.
  2. I knew what he did.
  3. We lost what we bought.
  4. I did not know that she was coming.

Introduction of Adjective or Relative Clause

A group of words with a finite verb that modifies a noun or pronoun is called an Adjective Clause or Relative Clause.

For Example

  1. The man who is industrious will shine.
  2. I have a ball smaller than you have.
  3. I know the place where he lives.
  4. I bought a ticket which I lost.

Introduction of Adverb Clause with Examples

When a group of words with a finite verb is the answer of when, where, why and how, is called an adverb clause.

For Example

  1. I went where he lived.
  2. I spoke when he came.
  3. We agreed because she spoke.
  4. I will submit when I have finished.

What is a Direct or Indirect Object in a Sentence?

If a verb answers only one object, it is called a Direct Object.

On the other hand, when a verb is asked by What' or 'by whom' and there are two answers, the personal object (Human beings) is called.

Indirect object and the objective object (Things) is called the direct object.

If there are two objects:

  • person = indirect object
  • thing = direct object

For Example

  1. He gave me. (Me- direct object)
  2. He took a pen. (A pen-Direct object)
  3. He gave me a pen.
    • me → indirect object
    • pen → direct object
  4. He makes me a fool.
    • me → indirect object
    • A fool → complement

How to Identify a Retained Object?

An additional object in a sentence means that the object remains as an additional Object in both Active and Passive sentences is called a Retained Object.

For Example

  • Active:

         She gave me a job.

  • Passive:

         I was given a job by her.

  • Active:

         I called him a fool.

  • Passive:

         He was called a fool by me.

What is a complement in a sentence?

When a part of a sentence gives an idea about the Subject, it is called a complement.

For Example

  1. He is good.
  2. He called me a fool.
  3. They became famous.
Complement examples in English grammar

What Is a Compound Subject or Compound Object?

When more than one word in the subject or object part of a sentence expresses the same idea, it is called a:

  • Compound Subject
  • Compound Object

For Example

  1. The water of Padma is pure.
  2. I know a man of letters.
  3. I bought a dining table.
  4. The Headmaster takes responsibility.

What is a conjunction in a sentence?

A word that Joins two words, phrases, or sentences is called a conjunction.

For Example

  1. I bought a book and a pen.
  2. I saw him and his brother.
  3. He went there and composed a poem.
  4. Do or die.

Which Part of a Sentence Is Called a Phrase?

If the subject or object has more than one word except a finite verb, it is called a phrase. In short, a group of words without a finite verb is called a phrase. There are different types of phrases such as.

  • I know the place. (The place - noun Phrase)
  • He is a man of letters. (A man of letters - adjective phrase)
  • I look after her. (Look after-verbal phrase)
  • Tell me the story in a nutshell. (In a nutshell-adverbial Phrase)
  • He is in front of me. (in front of -Prepositional phrase)
  • It spread his name and fame. (Name and fame - Conjunctional Phrase)
  • What a Pity! (Interjectional phrase)
  • I decided to go there. (To go - infinitive phrase)
  • Reading the book, I know it. (Reading the book-Participle Phrase)
  • Travelling on hills is my hobby. (Travelling on hills- Gerundial Phrase)

Types of phrases in English grammar

How Many Parts of a Sentence According to Meaning?

According to meaning, sentences are five types:

  1. Assertive Sentence or declarative sentence
  2. Interrogative Sentence
  3. Imperative Sentence
  4. Optative Sentence
  5. Exclamatory Sentence

No 01: Assertive Sentence and its Use with Examples

The sentence that is used to describe the past, present, and future is called a assertive or declarative sentence. In short, a declarative Sentence is one in which the subject and verb appear at the beginning of the sentence.

For Example

  1. I read a book.
  2. He read a book.
  3. He will read a book.

Different Formations of Assertive Sentences with Examples

  • Subject + verb (transitive) + direct object.

o    Example: He gave me. (Affirmative formation)

  • Subject + AV + not + verb(transitive)+direct object.

o    Example: He did not take a Pen. (Negative formation)

  • Subject + verb (transitive) + Indirect object + Direct object.

o    Example He gave a pen. (Affirmative formation)

  • Subject + Av+ not + verb (Transitive) + Indirect objec + Direct object.

o    Example-He did not give me a pen. (Negative formation)

  • Subject + verb (transitive) + Direct object + complement.

o    Example: He makes me a fool. (Affirmative formation)

  • Subject + AV+ determiner + adverb + adjective + object.

o    Example-He is a very good boy.

  • We should follow them.

o    Subject + verb (Intransitive) + Extension

§  Example:

§  I go to school.

§  We walk in the field.

No 02: Interrogative sentence and its autopsy with examples

An interrogative sentence begins with an auxiliary verb or a ‘WHO’ word and expresses interest in knowing something.

For Example

  1. Do you know me?
  2. Can you swim?
  3. When will you come?
  4. How do you know?
Interrogative sentence examples and structure

No 03: Imperative Sentence and Its Autopsy with Examples

If the sentence begins with a verb and expresses

  • Command
  • Advice
  • Request
  • Proposal
  • Prohibition

it is called an imperative sentence. It is to be noted that a full stop sits at the end of a Sentence and an exclamation mark sits to indicate an urgent request.

For Example

  1. Close the door.

2.      Charge the voice

  1. Don’t hate the poor.
  2. Let me be ready.
  3. Let’s start!
  4. Stop! Run!

No 04: Optative Sentence and Its Autopsy with Examples

Sentences expressing a wish or prayer are called optative sentences, although this sentence is not often used in modern English because declarative sentences can express feelings or prayers.

For Example

  1. May you live long. (May + Assertive formation)
  2. May you be happy.
  3. Long live our president.
  4. Good morning, my friends.

No 05: Exclamatory Sentence and Its Autopsy with Examples

A sentence that strongly expresses happiness, sadness, or Surprise is called an exclamatory Sentence. An exclamation mark sits at the end of a sentence.

For Example

  • What a nice girl she is!
  • How cute you are!
    • What/How  + a/an + adv/adj/noun + Subject + verb!.
  • Alas! I lost my father.
  • Hurrah! We won the match.
    • Exclamatory Word + Exclamation mark + Subject + Verb + Extension.
Exclamatory sentence examples in grammar

How many Parts of Sentence According to Formation?

According to formation, sentences are three types:

  1. Simple Sentence
  2. Complex Sentence
  3. Compound Sentence

How to Identify a Simple Sentence?

A sentence consisting of a Subject and a finite verb is called a simple sentence. Simply put, every independent clause is a Simple Sentence.

For Example

  1. I completed my job.
  2. Returning home, I saw her.
  3. I went there to see her.

How to Identify a Complex Sentence?

A complex sentence is when a subordinating conjunction joins a dependent clause and an independent clause to express the dependence of one sentence on the other to express a feeling.

Subordinating conjunctions are:

  • While
  • When
  • Whenever
  • Where
  • Wherever
  • Before
  • After
  • If
  • Unless
  • So that
  • Though/Although
  • Who
  • Which
  • What

For Example

  1. When I went there, she noticed me.
  2. I had gone before you came.

How to Identify a Compound Sentence?

When two independent clauses are joined by a coordinating conjunction to express a Compound Sense, it is called a Compound Sentence.

Some Coordinating Conjunctions Are

  • and
  • but
  • or
  • so
  • yet
  • for
  • either...or
  • neither...nor

For Example

  1. He is poor but honest.
  2. Do or die.
  3. She did not cheat, yet she was punished.

Conclusion

A sentence is the foundation of English grammar. Understanding:

  • clauses
  • phrases
  • subject and predicate
  • sentence types
  • sentence formation

helps improve both writing and speaking skills.

Regular practice with sentence structures makes English communication clearer and more effective.

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